Rising Blood Pressure Linked to PM2.5 Exposure
Ambient air pollution is taking a serious toll on cardiovascular health, with researchers identifying a direct link between prolonged exposure to PM2.5 pollution and rising blood pressure. Dr. Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Executive Director of the Centre for Chronic Disease Control (CCDC), highlighted that long-term exposure can increase blood pressure by up to 3.3 millimetres of mercury (mmHg).
Reduced Life Expectancy Due to Pollution
Speaking at the Indo-US Conference on ‘Climate Change Impacts on Occupational and Environmental Health,’ Dr. Prabhakaran warned that prolonged exposure to air pollution could reduce life expectancy by up to one and a half years. His research on air pollution and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) underscores the severe health risks associated with poor air quality.
How PM2.5 Affects the Cardiovascular System
Dr. Prabhakaran explained that PM2.5 particles, which are extremely small, enter the bloodstream through the alveoli in the lungs. These particles damage vascular endothelial cells, leading to inflammation and stiffness in the arteries. Over time, this damage weakens cardiovascular health, increasing the risk of serious conditions like hypertension and diabetes.
High-Risk Areas Identified in India
Studies conducted by Dr. Prabhakaran and other research groups found that around 10% of India’s total land area, covering approximately 16% of the population, faces high PM2.5 exposure. Cities like Delhi experience the worst effects, where pollution-driven elevated blood pressure significantly increases the risk of chronic diseases.
Broader Discussions on Climate Change and Health
As reported by economictimes, the conference also covered other critical topics, including public health emergencies in disaster scenarios, strategies for risk adaptation and resilience, climate change-induced respiratory infections, and environmental health surveillance. Experts emphasized the urgent need for action to mitigate the health impacts of climate change and pollution.
Conclusion
With mounting evidence linking air pollution to cardiovascular diseases, action is essential. Policies must reduce pollution levels and protect public health. Raising awareness and taking preventive measures can help mitigate the long-term health effects of environmental pollution.